Showing or analyzing with adequate and inadequate cohesion.

1. How to write paragraph with adequate and inadequate cohesion

Adequate cohesion 

When you want to say that something is enough or good enough for a particular need, use the adjective adequate. Adequate can also describe something that is acceptable or satisfactory, but not any better than that. 

Inadequate cohesion 

The Latin root of adequate means "equal to," so inadequate refers to things that aren't equal to what is expected or needed. Something can be naturally inadequate, as in "inadequate rainfall to stop the fire," or it can result from lack of effort, as when someone avoids a question: "Your response was totally inadequate. 

How to write paragraph with adequate and inadequate cohesion A paragraph is adequately developed when it describes, explains and supports the topic sentence. A good rule of thumb to follow is to make sure that a paragraph contains at least four sentences which explain and elaborate on the topic sentence.  

2. Tell more about cohesion

Cohesion

Cohesion is a word that comes to us through physics, where cohesion describes particles that are the same and tend to stick together — water molecules. Cohesion is an ordinal type of measurement and is usually described as “high cohesion” or “low cohesion”. Modules with high cohesion tend to be preferable because high cohesion is associated with several desirable traits of software including robustness, reliability, re usability, and understandability whereas low cohesion is associated with undesirable traits such as being difficult to maintain, difficult to test, difficult to reuse, and even difficult to understand.

3. Difference between coherence and cohesion 

COHESION is a state or situation in which all the parts or ideas fit together well so that they form a united whole. Cohesion describes the way in which a text is tied together by linguistic devices, such as And so we see . . . , Additionally . . . , Therefore . . . , However . . . and On the other hand . . .

COHERENCE is A text has coherence if its constituent sentences follow on one from the other in an orderly fashion so that the reader can make sense of the entire text. Coherence means that the text is easy to read and understand because the text follows a certain kind of logical order and the organization of ideas is systematical and logical. COHERENCE has two specific meanings/usages. (1) The quality that something has when it makes sense or is pleasing because all the parts or steps fit together well and logically. (2) A state or situation in which all the parts or ideas fit together so well so that they form a united whole. 

Cohesion and coherence are terms used in discourse analysis and text linguistics to describe the properties of written texts. A text may be cohesive without necessarily being coherent: Cohesion does not spawn coherence. Cohesion is determined by lexically and grammatically overt inter sentential relationships, whereas coherence is based on semantic relationships.

4. Text or sentence that shows adequate or inadequate cohesion 

ABOUT ME

Introduction/ General Statement :

Well, here I will explain myself to you all, so you know my name, what I like, where I live and my preferred activities, etc.. If there is anything that is not you understand or know about me please comment directly on my blog.

Identification :

My name is Dyah Ayu Pangastuti, nicknames Dyah or Ayu. I was born on December 17, 1993 and 

Description (Body paragraph) :

I live in Jln. Madukoro no.19, Tejosari 24 plain.  I am cool, kind, considerate, caring and easy to get along with anyone. I have short hair, a flat nose, brown skin and has a slender body. My friends say that I am kind, funny, and humble. I have a background education in the metro area is the first town I graduated from SMK N 3 metro city, then the SMP N 7 city metro and SD N 9 metro cities whereas now I'm undergoing S1 English Education in Muhammadiyah University of metro cities. I majored in English became my top choice from the first, because I love the English language lessons since being in junior high school until now. Activities on campus makes me quite tiring but I can cope with my hobbies like listening to music and watching TV. Almost every I really love the Bruno Mars with his songs are very nice to hear. For me music is like a friend who was at any time in my life. Music that makes my mind becomes Relax, refreshed and more energize for the activity every day. occasion in between my busy life, I listen to the songs that good to hear. The best thing I ever get is when I visited the place that I have never visited such as Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Solo, Semarang, and Jakarta then soon I will be visiting Bali with my friends. My dream is to be the best teacher for kids that will someday my students later. But all that was needed for the process to the actual teacher. And now I still want to focus first how to be successful and improve my skills in the field of English language, improving my IP, and a student who excel

Concluding Sentence :

That was my biographical data about all the detail is not, and you now know more about me.

Note :

RED               :           Introduction/ General Statement

BLUE             :           Identification 

GREEN          :           Description (Body paragraph)

PURPLE        :           Concluding Sentence 

The Introduction/ General Statement and  Identification paragraph with color red categorized into cohesion because there is conjunction: and, so in the paragraph.

The description paragraph with color green categorized into cohesion because the main content is clear and relevance. 

The description paragraph with color green categorized into cohesion because there is it uses conjunction and relationships.

WRITING 3

Writing a descriptive paragraph, Identifying paragraphs with Adequate and Inadequate Unity  & Coherence.

Description

This course trains students to express themselves by means of three types of unified and coherent paragraphs, descriptive, narrative, and expository paragraphs. They learn the principles of paragraph writing through modeling, inquiry, and discovery and practice writing paragraphs as class and home assignments. The students’ achievement is assessed by means of their class attendance, activity, portfolio, mid-semester test, and semester exams.

Objectives

Students can distinguish and write narrative, descriptive, and expository paragraphs with adequate unity, coherence, and cohesion.

Focus

One way to keep a paragraph focused as you write and to help readers recognize that focus is to state your topic and your main idea or perspective in a single sentence, a topic sentence. As you write, you can use a topic sentence as the focal point for the other sentences in a paragraph. When you revise, you can often easily improve an unfocused paragraph by adding a topic sentence and placing it in an effective position in the paragraph. You can then easily omit or relocate sentences that are not relevant to your topic sentence.

Development

After focusing your paragraphs and making sure they are coherent, you may find that the information they contain isn't quite enough to effectively convey your purpose for writing. The paragraphs may be lacking in information or simply uninteresting. The next step in your writing or revising process is to develop your paragraphs. Paragraph development provides the examples, facts, concrete details, or explanatory statements that make a paragraph informative and validate or support your ideas and opinions.

  

Paragraph Development

A paragraph is a collection of sentences which all relate to one main idea or topic. Effective paragraphs have four main characteristics: a topic sentence, unity, coherence, and adequate development.

Unity

Unity refers to the extent to which all of the ideas contained within a given paragraph "hang together" in a way that is easy for the reader to understand. When the writer changes to a new idea -- one which is not consistent with the topic sentence of the paragraph -- the writer should begin a new paragraph. Unity is important because it aids the reader in following along with the writer's ideas. The reader can expect that a given paragraph will deal only with one main topic; when a new paragraph begins, this signals that the writer is moving on to a new topic.

Coherence

Coherence refers to the extent to which the flow of ideas in a paragraph is easily understood by the reader. For this reason, coherence is closely related to unity. When a writer changes main ideas or topics within a paragraph, confusion often results. To achieve coherence, then, a writer should show how all of the ideas contained in a paragraph are relevant to the main topic. When your readers can move from sentence to sentence within a paragraph without any trouble following your train of thought or explanation, the paragraph displays coherence. Lack of coherence means abrupt changes in topic or idea from sentence to sentence (sometimes referred to as “choppy” sentences/paragraphs). It means there is a lack of transitions or other devices to guide readers from statement to statement.

Adequate Development

A paragraph is adequately developed when it describes, explains and supports the topic sentence. If the "promise" of the topic sentence is not fulfilled, or if the reader is left with questions after reading the paragraph, the paragraph has not been adequately developed. Generally speaking, a paragraph which consists of only two or three sentences is under-developed. A good rule of thumb to follow is to make sure that a paragraph contains at least four sentences which explain and elaborate on the topic sentence.

Topic Sentences

Beginning a paragraph with a topic sentence is one of the best ways to achieve clarity and unity in one's writing. The function of a topic sentence is to describe what the paragraph will be about, such that the reader has clear expectations about what will follow. An effective topic sentence typically contains only one main idea. The remainder of the paragraph then develops that idea more fully, offering supporting points and examples. After reading a topic sentence, one should be able to anticipate the type of information contained in the rest of the paragraph. If the remainder of the paragraph does not fulfill the "promise" of the topic sentence, the paragraph will lack unity, coherence and adequate development.

"Describing Me"

ABOUT ME

Well, here I will explain myself to you all, so you know my name, what I like, where I live and my preferred activities, etc.. If there is anything that is not you understand or know about me please comment directly on my blog.

My name is Dyah Ayu Pangastuti, nicknames Dyah or Ayu. I was born on December 17, 1993 and I live in Jln. Madukoro no.19, Tejosari 24 plain.  I am cool, kind, considerate, caring and easy to get along with anyone. I have short hair, a flat nose, brown skin and has a slender body. My friends say that I am kind, funny, and humble. I have a background education in the metro area is the first town I graduated from SMK N 3 metro city, then the SMP N 7 city metro and SD N 9 metro cities whereas now I'm undergoing S1 English Education in Muhammadiyah University of metro cities. I majored in English became my top choice from the first, because I love the English language lessons since being in junior high school until now. Activities on campus makes me quite tiring but I can cope with my hobbies like listening to music and watching TV. Almost every I really love the Bruno Mars with his songs are very nice to hear. For me music is like a friend who was at any time in my life. Music that makes my mind becomes Relax, refreshed and more energize for the activity every day. occasion in between my busy life, I listen to the songs that good to hear. The best thing I ever get is when I visited the place that I have never visited such as Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Solo, Semarang, and Jakarta then soon I will be visiting Bali with my friends. My dream is to be the best teacher for kids that will someday my students later. But all that was needed for the process to the actual teacher. And now I still want to focus first how to be successful and improve my skills in the field of English language, improving my IP, and a student who excel.

That was my biographical data about all the detail is not, and you now know more about me.

Note :

RED                                      :  identification

DARK BLUE                    : description include concluding sentence

Narrative, Descriptive, Expository

Narrative Text

A. Definition of Narrative    
         Narrative is a text focusing some specific participants that have several structural features making different from other genres. Narrative has social function that is to tell stories either in present which is called present narrative, past events which called past narrative and future which is called future narrative, to entertain the readers.

B. Generic structure of Narrative
  A narrative text consists of the following structures;
1. Orientation : Introducing the participants and informing the time and the place. it also introduce some characters involved in the genre.
2. Complication : Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with or among participants relationship in a process of social interaction.
3. Resolution : Showing the way of participant to solve the crises, better or worse. The end can be open ended or close ended.

C. Language forms of Narrative
1. Using processes verbs : tell, says, narrates.
2. Using temporal conjunction : Chronological order.
3. Using simple past tense : Present tense, and future tense, present tense, present continuous, and past continuous.

Descriptive Text

A. Definition of Descriptive text
Descriptive text is a text which say that a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

B. Generic structure of Narrative
1. Topic sentence
2. Supporting sentence
3. Concluding sentence
4. Logical development

C. Language forms of Narrative
1. Using linking verb or verb of senses such as look, smell, taste, see, seem.
2. Using three parameter of senses
3. Using spatial order in which preposition precedes the verb and the subjects.
4. Using multiple tenses based on the time : past, present, and future.

Example of Descriptive text

My House

I live in a small house. It has four rooms : there bedrooms, living room, bathroom, and kitchen. indeed it is a small house, but I like to stay here for wasting my time.

When the doors open, I could see the living room. It is very small with a few chairs and tables, nothing else. I prefer to read novels in this room.

My room was in the bathroom. In this room there is a bed, and a computer. When bored of reading, I usually play laptop / NB, chat with friends via Face book and so on.

My bedroom was next to the room my sister. On the back side of the living room there is a TV room. In the kitchen I have everything I need when I get hungry. It is very happy when my mother soaked, the smell fills my entire house.
 I know it is a very small house, but is was the best place I've ever seen.

Expository text

A. Definition of Expository
Expository is A paragraph that explains or analyzes a topic is an expository paragraph. It includes : information, explanation, facts, and illustrations.

B. Generic structure of Expository
1. Topic sentence
2. Supporting sentence
3. Concluding sentence

C. Language forms
1. Using process verbs
2. Using indefinite transitions
3. Using Question word mark
4. Using charts, graphics, and other visual aids.
5. Using present tense either verbal or nominal.

I Wish

Andai waktu itu bisa berputar kembali dan bisa mengulang semua kejadian yang sudah berlalu aku ingin lebih baik lagi daripada yang sekarang. Dan ingin menjadi manusia yang belum sempurna, memperbaiki semua kesalahan, kehilafan, kesenangan, kesedihan, dan kebahagiaan yang sudah terjadi. Andai semua itu terjadi, aku ingin semua kembali menjadi yang terbaik lagi.

True love

True love is love which only for two person, and no place for the
third person

If you cannot work with love but only with distaste, it is better that you should leave your work.

Love make the weak man become strong and the strong man become weak

You will never find a reason when love someone, it's because a true love comes with no logical reason.

She's not perfect, because a she will never able to be perfect.

We cannot be together, but you're always in my heart for now and forever.

Do not let a fear surrounds you when you are falling in love someone.

Key to be lasting in love is a consistent belief.

Despite being in the crowd, someone will feel lonely without a love.

Love is trembling happiness.

You are like dentures, because I could not smile without you.

Life without love is like a tree without blossoms or fruit.

Friendship

Sahabat adalah mereka yang mampu mengeluarkan kemampuan terbaik yg ada dalam diri kamu. Mereka yg selalu berimu semangat.

Bersedih dengan orang yg tepat lebih baik daripada berbahagia dengan orang yg salah. Bijaklah dlm memilih sahabat.

Sahabat bukan mereka yg menghampirimu ketika butuh, namun mereka yg tetap bersamamu ketika seluruh dunia menjauh.

Jangan pernah sakiti sahabatmu, karena sahabat adalah cara Tuhan menunjukkan bahwa Dia tak ingin kamu sendirian jalani hidup.

Sahabat adalah dia yg tahu apa yg dia miliki ketika bersamamu, bukan dia yg menyadari siapa dirimu setelah dia kehilanganmu.

Sahabat adalah mereka yg tahu semua kekuranganmu, namun tetap memilih bersamamu ketika orang lain meninggalkanmu.

Cinta harus berasal dari hati. Maka jika tidak dari hati, jangan pernah berucap bahwa kamu mencinta.

Mencintai tak hanya sekedar untuk dicintai. Tetapi bagaimana menjaga dan menghargai perasaan yang disebut cinta.

Jika tak ada cinta, katakan saja. Jgn karena tak ingin menyakiti, kamu lupa, meski luka yg kamu beri bisa dimaafkan, dia tak terlupakan.

Jika kamu cinta dia, biarkan dia menjadi dirinya sendiri, maka kamu tak akan kecewa ketika mereka tak seperti yang kamu inginkan.

Terkadang, tak peduli berapa banyak orang di sekitarmu, kamu merasa sepi. Hanya karena kamu berharap dia yang kamu cinta ada di sisi.

Kadang, meski kamu sangat mencintai seseorang, kamu harus melepaskannya, karena tanpanya kamu temukan dirimu lebih bahagia.

Cinta mungkin akan memberikan luka. Tapi luka akan membuatmu lebih dewasa.

Cinta kasih adalah perasaan hati, yang harus diungkapkan dengan hati, bukan hanya dengan rayuan atau pujian.

Kau selalu lbh kuat dr rasa sakitmu, lbh besar dr masalahmu, lbh baik dr penghakiman org atasmu, slm ada Tuhan di hatimu.

Segera laksanakan rencana keberhasilan mu di hari ini, jangan tunda lagi, jangan buang waktu, karena waktu tak bisa menunggu.

Jangan berpikir kamu tak mampu melupakan masa lalu. Tutup pintu masa lalumu, karena Tuhan selalu buka pintu masa depanmu.

Hidup ini bukan tentang apa yg dipikirkan mereka yg membencimu, namun tentang apa yg dipikirkan Tuhan yg menyayangimu.

Jangan habiskan waktumu memimpikan sesuatu yg tak mungkin terjadi ketika kamu bisa bangun dan membuat sesuatu terjadi.

Hal yg menyakitkan ketika kamu kehilangan seseorang adalah kenyataan bahwa dia tak berusaha tuk mempertahankan hubungan kalian.

Kebahagiaan  bukanlah disaat kita memiliki kesempurnaan, namun ketika kita dapat  menerima ketidaksempurnaan dengan tulus dan ikhlas.

Apa yg mudah utk didapatkan, akan mudah utk disesalkan. Apa yg butuh perjuangan utk didapatkan, akan sulit utk dilupakan.

Jangan pernah menyerah, kamu lebih berani daripada yg kamu percaya dan lebih kuat daripada yg kamu pikirkan. Semangat!

Berhati-hatilah dalam memilih teman, karena waktumu terlalu berharga tuk mereka yang tak pernah menghargai waktumu.

Jika kamu ingin seseorang percaya padamu, hal pertama yg harus dilakukan adalah meyakinkan mereka bahwa kamu mempercayai mereka.

Relakan jika memang harus berakhir. Karena akhir sebuah kisah adalah pertanda bahwa akan ada kisah yang baru.

Luka terdalam adalah luka yang tidak bisa dilihat oleh mata, dan kesedihan terdalam adalah kesedihan yang tidak bisa diungkapkan oleh kata-kata.

Terkadang bukan karena kebohongan kamu membenci sesorang, tapi karena sedih menerima kenyataan bahwa ia tak bisa lagi kamu percaya.

Kehilangan seseorang yang kita cinta memang sangat menyakitkan, tapi itu bukan akhir segalanya, kita bisa bahagia meski tanpa dia.

Jika kamu cinta dia, biarkan dia menjadi dirinya sendiri, maka kamu tak akan kecewa ketika mereka tak seperti yang kamu inginkan.

Butuh kepercayaan dalam cinta, karena cinta punya kekuatan untuk saling menyakiti. Namun cinta juga yang tak membiarkan itu terjadi.

Ketika dia yg kamu cinta pergi meninggalkanmu, itu karena kamu berdoa tuk mendapatkan seseorang yg baik, dan dia tak baik untukmu.

Masa-masa terbaik dalam hidup adalah saat kita mampu menyelesaikan masalah sendiri, Masa-masa suram kehidupan adalah saat kita menyalahkan orang lain atas masalah yang kita hadapi.

Ketika dalam sebuah persimpangan, anda diharuskan memutus sebuah langkah. Pastikan langkah yang diambil adalah demi kebahagiaannya, meskipun rasa sakit yang kan kita terima.

Beberapa yang mampu diselami, adalah wanita begitu sangat susah dipahami. Terkadang telah sejuta makna kita berikan, yang ada tetap misteri hati yang kita dapati.

Seseorang tak akan pernah bisa mencintai Anda dengan tulus dan apa adanya, jika Anda selalu menyembunyikan kekurangan Anda darinya.

Jangan hanya karena engkau merasa kaya raya lalu bisa membeli sebuah kebahagiaan dan cinta yang suci. Kebahagiaan dan Cinta tidak serta merta anda dapatkan dengan kekayaan, melainkan dengan perasaan yang tulus dan menerima takdir Ilahi dengan kerelaan hati

Kebahagiaan yang diukur dengan harta melimpah ruah bukan lah sesuatu yang salah. Namun berucap syukur atas segala yang Tuhan beri adalah kebahagiaan sejati.

Hidup adalah memilih, namun untuk memilih dengan baik, Anda harus tahu siapa Anda dan apa yang Anda perjuangkan, ke mana Anda ingin pergi dan mengapa Anda ingin sampai di sana.

Tuhanmu lebih tahu batas rasa sakit yang bisa kau tampung. Jangan sampai engkau menyerah disaat selangkah lagi Tuhanmu mengganti kesakitan dengan sejuta keindahan.